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iOS limitations

• No silent pushes. Every push must show a notification. If you skip it, Safari can revoke the subscription.
• Users must install the app first. You’ll need UI that detects when the app isn’t installed (window.navigator.standalone or matchMedia('(display-mode: standalone)')) and shows instructions for adding it to the Home Screen. In practice, this is the biggest drop-off point.
• Fewer notification features. Options like actions buttons and large images are limited or ignored compared to Android and desktop.
• Badging works. navigator.setAppBadge() is supported for installed apps.
• Declarative Web Push. Safari 18.4 added this, which lets you send notifications without the service worker running JavaScript. Standard Web Push still works and is the simplest cross-platform option.

For testing, use a real device, since the simulator has historically been unreliable for push. You can inspect the installed app’s service worker by connecting the device to Safari’s Web Inspector on a Mac.

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